By the time she was 38 years old, she was homebound and routinely bedridden, and would be so for the remainder of her life. Residing in Mayfair, she remained an authority and advocate of health care reform, interviewing politicians and welcoming distinguished visitors from her bed. In , she published Notes on Hospitals , which focused on how to properly run civilian hospitals.
Throughout the U. Civil War, she was frequently consulted about how to best manage field hospitals. Nightingale also served as an authority on public sanitation issues in India for both the military and civilians, although she had never been to India herself. In , she was conferred the Order of Merit by King Edward , and received the Freedom of the City of London the following year, becoming the first woman to receive the honor.
In May , she received a celebratory message from King George on her 90th birthday. In August , Nightingale fell ill but seemed to recover and was reportedly in good spirits. A week later, on the evening of Friday, August 12, , she developed an array of troubling symptoms. She died unexpectedly at around 2 p. Characteristically, she had expressed the desire that her funeral be a quiet and modest affair, despite the public's desire to honor Nightingale—who tirelessly devoted her life to preventing disease and ensuring safe and compassionate treatment for the poor and the suffering.
Respecting her last wishes, her relatives turned down a national funeral. The "Lady with the Lamp" was laid to rest in her family's plot at St. The Florence Nightingale Museum , which sits at the site of the original Nightingale Training School for Nurses, houses more than 2, artifacts commemorating the life and career of the "Angel of the Crimea.
We strive for accuracy and fairness. If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us! Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives.
Elizabeth Blackwell was the first woman to graduate from medical school in the United States. She became a leading public health activist during her lifetime. British astrophysicist, scholar and trailblazer Jocelyn Bell Burnell discovered the space-based phenomena known as pulsars, going on to establish herself as an esteemed leader in her field.
British chemist Rosalind Franklin is best known for her role in the discovery of the structure of DNA, and for her pioneering use of X-ray diffraction. Jane Goodall is known for her years of living among chimpanzees in Tanzania to create one of the most trailblazing studies of primates in modern times. Throughout the U. Civil War , she was frequently consulted about how to best manage field hospitals.
Nightingale also served as an authority on public sanitation issues in India for both the military and civilians, although she had never been to India herself. In , at the age of 88, she was conferred the merit of honor by King Edward. In May of , she received a congratulatory message from King George on her 90th birthday.
In August , Florence Nightingale fell ill, but seemed to recover and was reportedly in good spirits. A week later, on the evening of Friday, August 12, , she developed an array of troubling symptoms. She died unexpectedly at 2 p. Respecting her last wishes, her relatives turned down a national funeral. Florence Nightingale. The National Archives, UK. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us!
Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. Florence Harding was an American first lady and the wife of Warren G. Harding, 29th president of the United States. Florence Mabel Kling had Dorothea Lynde Dix was an author, teacher and reformer. Charged during the Clara Barton is one of the most-recognized heroes of the American Civil War.
She began her illustrious career as an educator but found her true calling tending wounded soldiers on and off bloody Civil War battlefields. When the war ended, Barton worked to identify missing and By the time the American Civil War broke out in , both ether and chloroform had been in use for several years as methods of surgical anesthesia.
Though both anesthetic agents were developed around the same time the s , chloroform soon emerged as the more widely used, as Frances Perkins achieved historic gains as U. After graduating from Mount Holyoke College, she was a teacher before becoming involved in social reform.
Even though it was not a respected profession at the time, Nightingale told her parents that she wanted to become a nurse.
Her parents did not approve of her decision and wanted her to get married and raise a family. Nightingale still wanted to be a nurse and refused marriage. After finishing her program in Germany, Nightingale went to Paris for extra training with the Sisters of Mercy.
By the time she was 33, Nightingale was already making a name for herself in the nursing community. When the Crimean War began in , the British were unprepared to deal with the number of sick and injured soldiers. The lack of medical supplies, overcrowding, and unsanitary conditions caused many people to complain. Newspapers began to report about the terrible state of medical care. The Secretary of War, Sidney Herbert asked Nightingale to manage a group of nurses that would go treat the wounded soldiers.
She agreed, and on November 4, , Nightingale and 38 nurses arrived at the British camp outside of Constantinople. When they got there, the doctors were unwelcoming because they did not want to work with female nurses.
However, as the number of patients increased, the doctors needed their help. The nurses brought supplies, nutritious food, cleanliness, and sanitation to the military hospital. They also provided individual care and support.
That was her idea of relaxation. I think that ability with statistics is a clue to what made her so extraordinary. Written when she was an unfulfilled daughter living at home, the essay looks at the limitations placed on the lives of upper middle-class women who were unable to work and found their energies frustrated.
Mark Bostridge is a British writer and critic, known for his historical biographies. Sign in.
0コメント